Cloprostenol sodium is a synthetic analogue of dinoprost (prostaglandin F2a). It is used as  a luteolytic agent in veterinary medicine.

  Many dairy producers are using cloprostenol  to shorten cycle or induce cows to come into heat. Until recently prostaglangins were only used at herdcheck when the veterinarian palpated a corpus luteum (CL) present on the ovary of a cow open beyond the desired breeding time or 50 plus days in milk. The prostaglandin products Lutalyse^® (UpJohn Co.), Bovilene^® (Syntex Animal Health), and Estrumate^® (Miles, Inc.) are equally effective and all are highly luteolytic (will regress a CL) when administered to cycling heifers which have a functional CL (days 6 to 18 of a heat cycle). Cloprostenol can help animal producers improve production efficiency and economic returns.

Pharmacology

The injection of cloprostenol initiates luteolysis with subsequent heat and ovulation. Following intramuscular administration of 0.5mg and 10mg of [14C]cloprostenol to cows urinary excretion accounted for 58.2% and 56.3% of the dose respectively. Unchanged cloprostenol and its tetranor acid, probably formed by beta-oxidation, were the major components identified in urine¹.

For use in beef cows and heifers for estrous synchronization, cloprostenol acts by rapidly regressing the CL on the ovaries of cycling females in Days 6 to 16 of their estrous cycles. The injection decreases the function of the corpus luteum, which allows these females to return to estrus within 2 to 5 days and synchronizes their estrous cycles. Females in Days 17 to 20 will be in estrus normally within 1 to 4 days and also will be synchronized².

Trials have shown that normally 95% of animals will commence farrowing within 36 hours of treatment. The majority of animals can be expected to respond within the period 24(±5) hours following injection, except in those cases where spontaneous farrowing is imminent³.

Applications

Ø          Treatment of sub Estrus

Ø          Induction of parturition⁴

Ø          Termination of abnormal and normal pregnancy⁵

Ø          Treatment of chronic bovine endometritis and ovarian luteal cysts⁶

Ø          Estrous Synchronization for Dairy Cattle (Bovilene^®, Estrumate^®, Lutalyse^® etc.)

Ø          Farrowing Synchronization on commercial swine (Planate^®)

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Proprietary Name

Estrumate^®, Planate^®, Bovilene^®, Heifex^®, Azlum^®

References  

1.Bourne GR, et al., Biomed Mass Spectrom 1980; 7(5):226-30

2.Cooper MJ, Acta Vet Scand Suppl, 1981; 77:171-9

3.Kostov L, et al., Vet Med Nauki, 1979; 16(3):63-70

4.Musah AI, et al., Biol Reprod 1987; 37(4):797-803

5.Van Leeuwen W, et al., Vet Q, 1983; 5(3):97-100

6.Sheldon IM. and Noakes DE., Vet Rec 1998; 142(21):575-9 

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